Niektoré problémy tvorby systémov v?asného varovania na zosuvoch

摘要

Prevention against landslides formation or activation is ensured by permanent monitoring of endangered areas, which is transferred to the landslide early warning systems in the socio-economically important sites. The paper describes general issues of the landslide warning systems creation, with an emphasis on their local level and the issues of the critical levels of landslide generating factors derivation. Since the state of the groundwater table level is usually the most important factor of the landslide activation, several methods of its critical level determination are used. The authors preferentially deal with the description of the model of parameters of groundwater regime, which was derived on the basis of their long-term experience in monitoring of landslides and other slope deformations. The model is based on the derivation of parameters characterizing the depth of the groundwater table level and duration of unfavorable conditions. The resulting parameters of the groundwater regime are compared with the indicators of kinetic activity of landslide masses (obtained by geodetic and inclinometer measurements). Provided there is a sufficiently close correlation between the groundwater regime and sliding activity of a landslide, the model can be applied in the definition of the critical levels of the groundwater table and to the prognosis of the expected motional activity of landslide. Practical application of this method is presented on example of slope stability development evaluation of the monitored landslide near the Okoli?né Village.