Study of morphological and chemical diversity in chestnut trees (var. ?￠????Judia?￠????) as a function of temperature sum Estudio de la diversidad morfol???3gica y qu???-mica del fruto de casta???±a (var. ?￠????Judia?￠????) en funci???3n de la suma de la temperatura

摘要

Fruits of variety ?￠????Judia?￠???? ( Castanea sativa Mill.) were collected in different climatic locations during 2006 and 2007 and the average of sum temperature (degree-days, ???°D) were 2457 ???°D and 2147 ???°D (May?￠????October), respectively. In 2007, the fruits were 38% bigger and contained 50% more starch than those from 2006 but they had less 6.41% crude fat content. In 2006, nuts from the coldest place (Valpa???§os: 1895 ???°D) were the biggest (62.5 fruits/kg) and had the highest content in starch (400.7 g/kg DM) contrarily to the fruits from the hottest place (Mur???§a: 2751???°D), which were the smallest (157.1 fruits/kg). In 2007, the biggest fruits were yielded in Macedo Cavaleiros (2163 ???°D) 46.4 fruits/kg, repeating Mur???§a with smallest fruits (66.0 fruits/kg). The Nei genetic distances between trees ranged between 0.0 and 0.227 proving that all of them are from the same variety. Los frutos de la variedad ?￠????Jud???-a?￠???? (Castanea sativa Mill.) fueron recolectados en diferentes zonas clim????ticas, durante 2006????y 2007, con un promedio sumatorio de temperatura (d???-as-grado, ???°D) de 2457????y 2147 ???°D (mayo-octubre), respectivamente. En 2007, los frutos fueron un 38% m????s desarrollados, conteniendo un 50% m????s de almid???3n que los de 2006, y un 6,41% de menos de grasa cruda. En 2006, los frutos del lugar m????s fr???-o (Valpa???§os: 1895 ???°D), fueron los que registraron mayores tama???±os (62,5 frutos/kg) y contenidos m????s altos de almid???3n (400,7 g/kg peso seco). Resultados contrarios a ????stos fueron los obtenidos para los frutos de la localidad m????s c????lida (Mur???§a: 2751 ???°D), que fueron los que registraron tama???±os m????s peque???±os (157,14 frutos/kg). En 2007, los mayores frutos procedieron de Macedo Cavaleiros (2163 ???°D), 46,4 frutos/kg, siendo de nuevo Mur???§a (2338 ???°D) la que proporcion???3 los frutos m????s peque???±os (66,0 frutos/kg). Las distancias gen????ticas de Nei entre los ????rboles oscilaron entre 0,0????y 0227, demostrando que todos ellos son de la misma variedad.