Animal Models of Cancer Pain

摘要

Moderncancertherapieshavesignificantlyincreasedpatientsurvivalratesinbothhumanandveterinarymedicine.Sincecancerpatientslivelongertheynowfacenewchallengesresultingfromsevere,chronictumor-inducedpain.Unrelievedcancerpainsignificantlydecreasesthequalityoflifeofsuchpatients;thusthegoalofpainmanagementistonotonlytoalleviatepain,butalsotomaintainthepatient'sphysiologicalandpsychologicalwell-being.Themajorimpedimentfordevelopingnewtreatmentsforcancerpainhasbeenourlimitedknowledgeofthebasicmechanismsthatdrivecancerpainandthelackofadequateanimalcancerpainmodelstostudythemolecular,biochemicalandneurobiologicalpathwaysthatgenerateandmaintaincancerpain.Howeverthissituationhasrecentlychangedwiththerecentdevelopmentofseveralnovelanimalmodelsofcancerpain.Thisreviewwillfocusondescribingtheseanimalmodels,manyoftheminrodents,andreviewingsomeoftherecentinformationgainedfromtheuseofthesemodelstoinvestigatethebasicmechanimsthatunderliethedevelopmentandmaintenanceofcancerpain.Animalmodelsofcancerpaincanbedividedintothefollowingfivecategories:bonecancerpainmodels,non-bonecancerpainmodels,cancerinvasionpainmodels,cancerchemotherapeutic-inducedperipheralneuropathymodels,andspontaneousoccurringcancerpainmodels.Thesemodelswillbeimportantnotonlyforenhancingourknowledgeofhowcancerpainisgenerated,butmoreimportantlyforthedevelopmentofnoveltherapeuticregimestotreatcancerpaininbothdomesticanimalsandhumans.