Experimental Infection of Baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) with Apathogenic and Neurovirulent Subtypes of Herpesvirus Papio 2

摘要

Cercopithecineherpesvirus16(Herpesviruspapio2;HVP2)isan#945;-herpesvirusofbaboons(Papiospp.)thatgenerallycausesminimaltoinapparentdiseaseinthenaturalhostspecies.HVP2isverycloselyrelatedgeneticallyandantigenicallytoCercopithecineherpesvirus1(monkeyBvirus;BV)ofmacaques,whichiswellknownforitsextremelethalityinnonmacaquespeciesincludinghumans.PreliminaryevidencesuggeststhatamousemodelofHVP2wouldbeanexcellenttoolforstudyingzoonoticBVinfections.AlthoughthepathogenicityofdifferentBVisolatesinmicespansthefullrangeofseverityfromapathogenictoextremelyneurovirulent,testingofmultipleHVP2isolatesrevealedonlytwodistinctphenotypesinmiceregardlessofrouteofinoculation:apathogenic(HVP2ap)andhighlyneurovirulent(HVP2nv).FortheHVP2nvmousemodeltotrulyreflectBVinfectioninbothitsnaturalhostandthedifferentialpathogenicityofBVinaberranthostspecies,HVP2nvshouldnotproduceseverediseaseinitsnaturalhost.Totestthis,juvenilebaboonswereinoculatedwithdosesof10supxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"6/supor10supxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"4/supplaque-formingunitsofHVP2aporHVP2nvbyusinganoralsubdermalinoculationroute.Parametersfollowedincludedtheappearanceoflesions,sheddingofinfectiousvirus,generalhealth,andtheimmuneresponsetotheinfection.Regardlessoftheinoculumdoseused,nodifferenceswerenotedbetweenthetwoHVP2subtypesinbaboonsinanyoftheparametersmeasured.ThesefindingsfurthersupporttheuseoftheHVP2nvmousesystemasamodeltoelucidateandstudytheviraldeterminantsassociatedwithcross-speciesBVneurovirulence.