Cytological analysis of the pleural cavity becomes extremely important for the diagnosis of tumors that have no visible or palpable mass. The aim of this study is to report a case of hemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma in a cat, a rare neoplasm, emphasizing the importance of laboratory tests, especially the analysis of effusions. This report discloses the usefulness of cytology in effusions directing the clinical veterinarian for the correct diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
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