Organic-mineral Fertilizer Based on Chicken Manure and Phosphorite from Central Kyzylkum

摘要

Background: Kyzylkum phosphorite combine wastes in form of off-balanced ore (13-15% Р_(2)О_(5)) and phosphorite sludge (10-12% Р_(2)О_(5)) generated during the benefication of high calcareous Central Kyzylkum phosphorite in recent years. Total volume of produced phosphorite has already reached 13 billion tonnes. One of actual and rational way for processing low-grade phosphorites is their usage during the preparation of composts based on chicken manure. Mechanism of activation is phosphorus transfer from low-grade phosphorite into acceptable plant form during composition with chicken manure and transformation of manure organic matter into humic substance consider as nitrogen and organic matter losses in atmosphere.Purpose: Research on the effect of organic-mineral fertilizer obtained from chicken manure and mineralized mass from Central Kyzylkum phosphorite by composting.Methodology: Compost was made by mixing chicken manure with mineralized mass of Central Kyzylkum phosphorite in wide range of weight ratio. The composition of resulting composts by world famous methods depending on time process has been studied.Originality: There have been explored the rate and kinetics of transition of manure organic part in humic substances and transfer of Р_(2)О_(5 )into acceptable for plant form for the first time. It was established that decrease of organic matter and nitrogen emission into atmosphere during the composting manure by mineralized mass from Central Kyzylkum phosphorite. In addition, some chemical equations processing during the composting manure by phosphate were described.Findings: Preparation of composts has been done based on manure and mineralized mass from Central Kyzylkum phosphorite when weight ratios of Dung: phosphorite (from 100:2 to 100: 25). In prepared mixing some water was added based on calculation to reach humidity till 70%. There have been determined the kinetics and rate of transformation of manure organic parts in humic substances and unacceptable form of phosphorus into acceptable form for plant in mineralized mass. The level releasing organic matter and nitrogen into gas phase has been determined during the composting manure with mineralized mass from Central Kyzylkum phosphorite. It was shown that with increasing duration of composting all ratios formation of humic substances and mobile phosphorus are grown while with increasing amount of mineralized mass in the compost organic matter and nitrogen losses are reduced, as well as the transformation rate of manure organic parts in humic substances. It has been found that when weight ratio of Dung: phosphorite = 100:2 during the composting losses of organic matter and nitrogen are 20.36% and 25.42 % respectively, as relative Р_(2)О_(5(acceptable)) by EDTA and 2 % solution of citric acid make up 69.44 % and 61.11%, while at 100 : 25 the losses of organic matter and nitrogen are 8.75 and 13.26 %, as relative Р_(2)О_(5(acceptable) )by EDTA and 2 % solution of citric acid constitute 43.81 and 42.38 %, respectively.