Yield and Chemical Composition of Blue Honeysuckle Fruit Depending on Ripening Time

摘要

The purpose of three-year observation was to compare yield, fruit quality and chemical composition of berries of two blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) cultivars of Polish bred ‘Wojtek’ and ‘Br?zowa’ collected at the beginning and at the end of harvest season. On average, ‘Wojtek’ cv. yielded 940 g per bush, whereas, ‘Br?zowa’ 895 g per bush. Nevertheless the time of harvest, ‘Wojtek’ berries surpassed ‘Br?zowa’ fruit regarding soluble solids, titratable acidity and L-ascorbic acid content (for late-crop berries of both cultivars 13.2 > 11.5%, 2.91 > 2.82 g citric acid 100 g1, and 61 > 48 mg 100 g-1 fruit juice, respectively). Further, ‘Wojtek’ berries showed higher total polyphenol content (174.95 and 223.05 mg 100 g1, for early and late ripening fruit, respectively) compared to that of ‘Br?zowa’ (144.84 and 239.48 mg 100 g1). Among phenolics, anthocyanins made the substantial group ranging from 106.29 mg 100 g-1 (‘Br?zowa’ berries of early harvest) to 185.15 mg 100 g-1 (late Wojtek’ fruit)’. For both cultivars cyanidin-3-glucoside was found a predominant anthocyanin. The decreasing order of other anthocyanins for ‘Br?zowa’ was cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside > peonidin-3-glucoside > cyanidin-3-rutinoside, whereas, for ‘Wojtek’ cyanidin-3-rutinoside > cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside > peonidin-3-glucoside. Regarding hydroxycinnamic acids, both genotypes showed the same decreasing order: chlorogenic acid > 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid > neochlorogenic acid. Quercetin-3-rutinoside and quercetin-3-glucoside were main flavonols identified in both cultivars. For both genotypes, the berries of late harvest were bigger and richer in soluble solids and total polyphenol, however, they showed decreased firmness, lower acidity, and L-ascorbic acid content.