Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) as a Novel Marker for Ovarian Function: A Review

摘要

Background: Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is a homodimericglycoprotein linked by disulfde bonds which belongs to theTransforming Growth Factor (TGF) beta superfamily. AMH isproduced by gonadal tissue namely testicular Sertoli cells andovarian granulosa cells especially pre-antral and antral follicles.AMH involved in embryonic sexual di?erentiation in male, whileit has an inhibitory e?ect on primordial follicle recruitment andresponsiveness of the growing follicles to FSH, in female. Currentstudies show promising clinical utilities of AMH measurement inpredicting ovarian function.Objective: This review aims to explore further about the physiology ofAMH and its role as a novel marker for ovarian function.Method: A review of relevant literature was performed to elaborateAMH involvement in ovarian function. A total of 14 qualifed publishedliterature of all years until 2018 were collected from several electronicdatabase and manual search and included in this review.Results: AMH level re?ected ovarian follicular reserve, an importantindicator in infertility treatment (assisted reproduction technique)and a sensitive marker for ovarian aging. AMH is also a valuable toolin diagnosis and recognition of recurrence granulosa cell tumors, and amarker of ovarian dysfunction particularly polycystic ovary syndrome.A low circulating AMH level is observed in obesity and male withfertility problems.Conclusion: AMH level can be used as primary or supplementarymarkers to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of several reproductiverelated conditions in males and females. A set of guidelines aboutsample storage and handling and age-specifc standardized referencevalues are needed to optimize clinical application of AMH.