After-action reports from Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) in early 2003 heralded the deployment of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems and networks as enabling a profoundly enhanced ability to track in-transit materiel from CONUS to the theater. Military branches, especially the US Army, benefited from greater visibility of materiel, reduced inventory and increased speed in locating critical supplies. However, these reports and certainly the OIF operational experience showed that once RFID-tagged shipments entered in-theater ports and airfields, and were disaggregated to move forward towards the war fighter, accountability was generally lost—and it was lost fast.
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