Bioactive Principles and Potentiality of Hot Methanolic Extract of the Leaves from Artemisia absinthium L 'in vitro Cytotoxicity Against Human MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells, Antibacterial Study and Wound Healing Activity'

摘要

Background: Artemisia absinthium L is an ornamental plant widespread in Saudi Arabia.Traditionally, the plant has been used in the Arabic medicine. But the scientific evidence of the bioactivecompounds and their medicinal value was not yet explored widely.Objective: The study was designed to analyse the bioactive principles and medicinal properties of Artemisiaabsinthium L, a traditional herb grown in southern part of Saudi Arabia.Methods: The bioactive compounds present in Hot Methanolic Extract of the Leaves (HMEL) of Artemisiaabsinthium L. was explored by GC-MS analysis. The cytotoxicity effect of HMEL was determinedagainst MCF-7 breast cancer cells ATCC and human colon cancer cells HCT 116 ATCC by performingMTT assay. Morphological changes of HMEL treated MCF-7 were observed under a phasecontrastmicroscope by staining the cells with neutral red. A Reaction Mixture (RM) of HMEL was preparedin Milli-Q water and antibacterial susceptibility was performed against both Gram-positive andGram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, in vivo wound healing properties of the RM was screened in malerats and their efficacy was compared with standard povidone iodine cream. Biomarkers such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF- α, caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels were determined to qualify the wound healing property.Results: Epiyangambin, flavone, octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, palmitic acid β-monoglyceride, á-D-mannofuranoside, camphor, and terpineol were identified as possible compoundsthrough GC-MS analysis. The HMEL of Artemisia absinthium L was actively inhibiting the proliferationof breast cancer cells MCF-7 ATCC at the concentration of 80.96 ± 3.94 μg/ml as IC50 value butfailed to inhibit the proliferation against the treated human colon cancer cells HCT 116 cells ATCC.HMEL of Artemisia absinthium L was showing a moderate spectrum of antibacterial effect against thescreened bacteria. RM showed better wound healing property than standard povidone iodine cream thatmodulates cytokine networks and apoptosis markers levels indicated the healing of wound.Conclusion: The study suggested that novel anticancer, antibacterial and immune modulatory moleculescan be developed from the leaves of Artemisia absinthium L.