Exploring the Active Sites of Cholinesterases by Inhibition with Bambuterol and Haloxon

摘要

The paper describes the inhibition of mouse acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) and mouse, human, and horse butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; EC 3.1.1.8) by 5-[2-(tert-butylamino)-l-hy-droxyethyl]-m-phenylene-bis(dimethylcarbamate) hydrochloride (bambuterol) and by O,O-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-O-(3-chloro-4-methylcoumarin-7-yl) phosphate (haloxon). The haloxon inhibition rate constant (k_i) for mouse BChE was 3.7 x 10~7 min~(-1) mol~(-1) dm~3, which was 40-fold higher than the rate constant for mouse AChE. Bambuterol inhibition of horse BChE (k_i = 2.1 x 10~5 min~(-1) mol~(-1) dm~3) was about 25-fold slower than that of human or mouse BChE, whereas the respective haloxon inhibition of horse BChE (k_i = 1.2 x 10~7 min~(-1) mol~(-1) dm~3) was about 2-3-fold slower. Sequence alignments and the computational model of the three-dimensional structure of horse BChE suggest that residues inside the active site at positions 69, 277 and 285 are important for the differences in the inhibition of these three BChE species.