The world's deepsea container shipping lines may be on the brink of a recovery following a wide-ranging reduction in capacity, but port operators and terminal owners are having to adapt their strategies to deal with the continued stagnancy of volumes. Container lines have begun the year on a high after returning chartered vessels to owners, which have mostly then gone into lay-up. Terminal operators have no equivalent option. Instead they find themselves under increasing pressure from a customer base that is now largely consolidating into the three main deepsea alliances which will begin operating in April.
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