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EISCAM - Digital image acquisition and processing for sea ice parameters from ships

机译:EISCAM-船舶海冰参数的数字图像采集和处理

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摘要

Human observations and records of sea ice conditions from ships of opportunity in polar regions have been formalized under ASPeCt (Antarctic Sea Ice Processes and Climate) protocols as part of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) initiative, Global Change in Antarctica. Human observations, however, are subject to both bias and level of expertise. In support of ASPeCt observations, a ship-based, ice condition imagery acquisition, processing and analysis system is developed and presented in this paper. Digital images captured from recorded oblique-view video of sea ice during the inbound and outbound transits of the icebreaker NB Palmer, during the 2007 SIMBA (Sea Ice Mass Balance in Antarctic) cruise, were used to demonstrate the method. The resultant orthorectified and spatially registered images can thus be used to derive ice concentration, ice types, floe sizes, and area of deformed ice, parameters recorded by an ASPeCt observer based on experience. An assessment of total ice concentration, utilizing a digital number threshold method, for a 30 image sequence spanning 10 min, was compared to the corresponding ASPeCt observation and found good agreement. A k-means unsupervised classification technique was employed to evaluate the spectral separability of pixels associated with differing ice types. A significant source of visual perspective bias was discovered in associated with uneven spatial distribution of open-water leads. Convolution spatial filtering was employed to assess area of deformed ice during night-time conditions, when ship's floodlights illuminate the ice field. Transformation of individual image elements, such as floes, to vector-based polygons enabled accurate measurement of dimension, thus providing a frequency distribution of floe sizes, currently not possible with existing ASPeCt protocols. Limitations of this acquisition and analysis technique, future improvements, and coordination with the ASPeCt program were discussed.
机译:作为南极研究科学委员会(SCAR)倡议“南极全球变化”的一部分,根据ASPeCt(南极海冰过程和气候)协议,已经对来自极地地区机会船的人类观察和海冰状况的记录进行了形式化。但是,人类的观察会受到偏见和专业水平的影响。为了支持ASPeCt观测,本文开发并提出了一种基于舰船的冰况图像采集,处理和分析系统。该方法使用了从破冰船NB Palmer的进港和出港过境过程中,从2007年SIMBA(南极海冰质量平衡)航行期间记录的海冰斜视视频中捕获的数字图像进行演示。因此,所得的经过正射校正并在空间上对齐的图像可用于得出冰浓度,冰类型,絮凝物大小和变形冰的面积,以及由ASPeCt观察者根据经验记录的参数。使用数字阈值方法对横跨10分钟的30个图像序列进行的总冰浓度评估与相应的ASPeCt观察结果进行了比较,并发现了很好的一致性。采用k均值无监督分类技术来评估与不同冰类型相关的像素的光谱可分离性。发现与开放水线空间分布不均匀相关的视觉透视偏差的重要来源。当船舶的泛光灯照亮冰场时,在夜间条件下使用卷积空间滤波来评估变形冰的面积。将单个图像元素(例如,絮凝物)转换为基于矢量的多边形可以精确测量尺寸,从而提供了絮凝物尺寸的频率分布,这是现有ASPeCt协议目前无法实现的。讨论了这种获取和分析技术的局限性,未来的改进以及与ASPeCt程序的协调。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Cold regions science and technology》 |2009年第1期|49-60|共12页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, 78249, USA SWCA Environmental Consultants, 6200 UTSA Boulevard, Suite 102, San Antonio, Texas, 78249, USA;

    Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, 78249, USA;

    Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, 78249, USA;

    Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, 78249, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    sea ice; ASPeCt; SIMBA; Antarctica; ice camera;

    机译:海冰;方面;SIMBA;南极洲;冰相机;

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