Biosynthesis of violacein: a genuine intermediate, protoviolaceinic acid, produced by VioABDE, and insight into VioC function

摘要

A biosynthetic Intermediate of violacein produced by the mixed enzymes of VioABDE was elucidated to be 5-(5-hydroxy-lH-indol-3-yl)3-(lH-indol-3-yl)-lH-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid, named protoviolaceinic acid, indicating that VioC, responsible for the final biosynthetic step, works to oxygenate at the 2-position of the right side indole ring, and that the oxygenation reaction to form the central pyrrolidone core proceeds in a non-enzymatic fashion.