Characterization of Combined Effects of Urban Built-Up and Vegetated Areas on Long-Term Urban Heat Islands in Beijing

摘要

With the development of urbanization and industrialization, megacities have experiencedmore severe surface urban heat island (SUHI) effects. Land surface temperatures (LSTs) areretrieved; spatial distribution of temperature is characterized, and the relationship amongtemperatures or SUHIs and land-use and land cover (LULC) in Beijing City are discussed. Thechanging LSTs in Beijing, from 1990 to 2017, were calculated by a radiative transfer equationand mono-window algorithm. To estimate the effect of SUHI, Landsat-8 ThermalInfrared Sensor (TRIS) and Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data were selected. There is anincreasing trend toward high LSTs for different LULC types. The connection with buildingand vegetation density is analyzed. Results indicate that for every 1% increase in the densityof buildings, the increase in amplitude of temperature in 2017 was twice as large as it wasin 1995 for the study area. In terms of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values,the decrease in amplitude of LST was 10 times that of the year 1995, where there is only aslight increase in the NDVI values of the area.