Susan Benoff's research on a potential male birth-control pill began with a puzzling case of infertility. A couple had come into the infertility clinic at North Shore University Hospital in Manhasset, N. Y., seeking to conceive a child through in-vitro fertilization. The couple's earlier attempts to have a child, including artificial insemination with the man's sperm, had all failed. The man's sperm and the woman's egg were normal by every measure, yet the test-tube fertilization also failed: In repeated attempts, the man's sperm were unable to penetrate the eggs.
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