Herman Hertzberger Architecture and Structuralism - The Ordering of Space

摘要

The post-war reconstruction of the Netherlands was in large measure dominated by the opposition between the brick traditionalism of the Delft School and the modernism of CIAM (Congres Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne, 1928-59). Although the architecture associated with CIAM is often perceived as doctrinaire, truth of the matter is that projects could vary wildly, and that the conferences were a platform from which young architects were allowed to challenge established views. One of the results of this open climate is the way in which Team X and the Dutch Forum group confronted the established statistical and functionalist urban planning methods and formulated a response to CIAM, which came to be known as structuralism. Structuralism is usually a cellular architecture, often employing complex grids, and inspired by anthropological and primitive fascinations. The first major canonical work of the movement was the orphanage by Aldo van Eyck on the outskirts of Amsterdam (1955-60); its plan of various age groups combined in a polycentred net of square modules.