Temporal variation and impact of wood smoke pollution on a residential area in southern Germany

摘要

This paper is a continuation of our previous publication (Bari, M.A., Baumbach, G., Kuch, B., Scheffknecht, G., 2009. Wood smoke as a source of particle-phase organic compounds in residential areas. Atmospheric Environment 43, 4722-4732) and describes a detailed characterisation of different particle-phase wood smoke tracer compounds in order to find out the impact of wood-fired heating on ambient PM_(10) pollution in a residential area near Stuttgart in southern Germany. The results from previous flue gas measurements help distinguishing different tracer compounds in ambient PM_(10) samples. In the residential area, significant amounts of hardwood markers (syringaldehyde, acetosyringone, propionylsyringol, sinapylaldehyde) and low concentrations of softwood markers (vanillin, acetovanillone, coniferyldehyde, dehydroabietic acid, retene) were found in the ambient air. The general wood combustion markers Levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan were detected in high concentrations in all particle-phase PM_(10) samples. To find out the size distribution of ambient particles, cascade impactor measurements were carried out. It was found that more than 70% of particiulate matter was in the particle diameter of less than 1 μm. Using emission ratio of levoglucosan to PM_(10), it can be demonstrated that during winter months 59% of ambient PM_(10) pollution could be attributed to residential wood-fired heating.