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A GIANT OUTBURST AT MILLIMETER WAVELENGTHS IN THE ORION NEBULA

机译:猎户座星云中毫米波的巨大爆发

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Berkely-Illinois-Maryland Association (BIMA) array observations of the Orion nebula discovered a giant flare from a young star previously undetected at millimeter wavelengths. The star briefly became the brightest compact object in the nebula at 86 GHz. Its flux density increased by more than a factor of 5 on a timescale of hours, to a peak of 160 mJy. This is one of the most luminous stellar radio flares ever observed. Remarkably, the Chandra X-Ray Observatory was in the midst of a deep integration of the Orion nebula at the time of the BIMA discovery; the source's X-ray flux increased by a factor of 10 approximately 2 days before the radio detection. Follow-up radio observations with the VLA and BIMA showed that the source decayed on a time-scale of days, then flared again several times over the next 70 days, although never as brightly as during the discovery. Circular polarization was detected at 15, 22, and 43 GHz, indicating that the emission mechanism was cyclotron. VLBA observations 9 days after the initial flare yield a brightness temperature T_b > 5 x 10~7 K at 15 GHz. Infrared spectroscopy indicates that the source is a K5 V star with faint Br γ emission, suggesting that it is a weak-line T Tauri object. Zeeman splitting measurements in the infrared spectrum find B ~ 2.6 +- 1.0 kG. The flare is an extreme example of magnetic activity associated with a young stellar object. These data suggest that short observations obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array will uncover hundreds of flaring young stellar objects in the Orion region.
机译:Berkely-Illinois-Maryland协会(BIMA)对猎户座星云的阵列观测发现了一颗从未出现过的毫米波波长的年轻恒星发出的巨大耀斑。恒星短暂地成为86 GHz星云中最亮的紧凑天体。在数小时的时间内,其通量密度增加了5倍以上,达到了160 mJy的峰值。这是有史以来观察到的最发光的恒星耀斑之一。值得注意的是,在BIMA发现时,钱德拉X射线天文台正处于Orion星云的深度整合之中。在进行无线电探测之前约2天,源的X射线通量增加了10倍。对VLA和BIMA的后续无线电观测表明,该源在几天的时间尺度上衰减,然后在接下来的70天内再次爆发了几次,尽管从未像发现期间那样明亮。在15、22和43 GHz处检测到圆极化,表明发射机理是回旋加速器。初始耀斑后9天的VLBA观测结果表明,在15 GHz下,亮度温度T_b> 5 x 10〜7K。红外光谱表明,该源是具有微弱Brγ发射的K5 V星,表明它是弱线T Tauri对象。塞曼分裂测量在红外光谱中发现B〜2.6 +-1.0 kG。耀斑是与年轻恒星物体有关的磁活动的极端例子。这些数据表明,利用阿塔卡马大毫米波阵列获得的短时观测结果将发现猎户座地区数百个正在燃烧的年轻恒星物体。

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