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首页> 外文期刊>The Astrophysical journal >ON THE NATURE OF CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS
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ON THE NATURE OF CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS

机译:关于核心崩溃超新星爆炸的性质

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We investigate in this paper the core-collapse supernova explosion mechanism in both one and two dimensions. With a radiation/hydrodynamic code based upon the PPM algorithm, we verify the usefulness of neutrino-driven overturn ("convection") between the shock and the neutrinosphere in igniting the supernova explosion. The two-dimensional simulation of the core of a 15 soalr mass star that we present here indicates that the breaking of spherical symmetry may be central to the explosion itself and that a multitude of bent and broken fingers is a common feature of the ejecta. As in one dimension, the explosion seems to be a mathematically critical phenomenon, evolving from a steady state to explosion after a critical mass accretion rate through the stalled shock has been reached. In the two-dimensional simulation the preexplosion convective phase lasted ~30 overturns (~100 ms) before exploding. The preexplosion steady state in two dimensions is similar to that achieved in one dimension, but in two dimensions, owing to the longer dwell time of matter in the overturning region, the average entropy achieved behind the stalled shock is larger. In addition, the entropy gradient in the convecting region is flatter. These effects, together with the dynamical pressure of the buoyant plumes, serve to increase the steady state shock radius (R_s) over its value in one dimension by 30%-100%. A large R_s enlarges the volume of the gain region, puts shocked matter lower in the gravitational potential well, and lowers the accretion ram pressure at the shock for a given M. The critical condition for explosion is thereby relaxed. Since the "escape" temperature (T_(esc)) decreases with radius faster than the actual matter temperature (T) behind the shock, a larger R_s puts a larger fraction of the shocked material above its local escape temperature. T > T_(esc) is the condition for a thermally driven corona to lift off a star. In one, two, or three dimensions, since supernovae are driven by neutrino heating, they are coronal phenomena, akin to winds, though initially bounded by an accretion ram. Neutrino radiation pressure is unimportant.
机译:在本文中,我们将研究一维和二维的核塌陷超新星爆炸机理。利用基于PPM算法的辐射/流体动力学代码,我们验证了中微子驱动的倾覆(“对流”)在激起超新星爆炸中的作用是有效的。我们在此处呈现的15个苏尔质量星的核心的二维模拟表明,球形对称性的破坏可能是爆炸本身的中心,并且许多弯曲和折断的指状物是喷射装置的共同特征。在一个维度上,爆炸似乎是一个数学上的关键现象,在达到因失速冲击而达到的临界质量增加速率后,从稳态演变为爆炸。在二维模拟中,爆炸前的对流阶段在爆炸前持续了约30次翻转(约100毫秒)。二维的爆炸前稳态类似于一维的爆炸稳态,但是在二维中,由于物质在倾覆区域的停留时间更长,因此在失速冲击后获得的平均熵更大。另外,对流区域中的熵梯度更平坦。这些影响以及浮羽的动态压力,使稳态冲击半径(R_s)在其一维值上增加了30%-100%。对于给定的M,较大的Rs增大了增益区域的体积,使冲击物质的引力势阱降低,并且降低了冲击时的积聚冲压压力。从而放松了爆炸的临界条件。由于“逸出”温度(T_(esc))的减小幅度比冲击后的实际物质温度(T)更快,因此较大的R_s将使较大比例的冲击材料高于其局部逸出温度。 T> T_(esc)是热驱动电晕升离恒星的条件。在一维,二维或三维中,由于超新星是由中微子加热驱动的,因此它们是类似于风的日冕现象,尽管起初是由吸积冲撞来界定的。中微子的辐射压力并不重要。

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