Preseration of the microbial quality of drinking water during distribution is a main objective in water supply. Although a disinfectant residual reduces the concentration of suspended bacteria, it has only a limited effect on microorganisms in biofilms and sediments or on microbial contaminants. Furthermore, a disinfectant residual affects taste and odor and results in the presence of compounds with toxic properties. Maintenance of an effective residual throughout the distribution system is hampered by disinfectant decay caused by pipe materials and compound present in the water. The Nethoerlands depends on good engineering practices in the distribution system to prevent microbial and chemical contamination. Regrowth can be limited by distributing biostable drinking water and applying bisotable materials in contact wit drinking water.
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