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Specialization clines in the pollination systems of agaves (Agavaceae) and columnar cacti (Cactaceae): A phylogenetically controlled meta-analysis

机译:龙舌兰(龙舌兰科)和柱状仙人掌(仙人掌科)的授粉系统中的专业化种系:系统发育控制的荟萃分析

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摘要

The biogeography of plant–animal interactions is a novel topic on which many disciplines converge (e.g., reproductive biology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology). Narrative reviews have indicated that tropical columnar cacti and agaves have highly specialized pollination systems, while extratropical species have generalized systems. However, this dichotomy has never been quantitatively tested. We tested this hypothesis using traditional and phylogenetically informed meta-analysis. Three effect sizes were estimated from the literature: diurnal, nocturnal, and hand cross-pollination (an indicator of pollen limitation). Columnar cactus pollination systems ranged from purely bat-pollinated in the tropics to generalized pollination, with diurnal visitors as effective as nocturnal visitors in extratropical regions; even when phylogenetic relatedness among species is taken into account. Metaregressions identified a latitudinal increase in pollen limitation in columnar cacti, but this increase was not significant after correcting for phylogeny. The currently available data for agaves do not support any latitudinal trend. Nectar production of columnar cacti varied with latitude. Although this variation is positively correlated with pollination by diurnal visitors, it is influenced by phylogeny. The degree of specificity in the pollination systems of columnar cacti is heavily influenced by ecological factors and has a predictable geographic pattern.
机译:植物与动物相互作用的生物地理学是一个新颖的主题,许多学科在此​​学科上交汇(例如,生殖生物学,生物地理学和进化生物学)。叙事 的评论表明,热带柱状仙人掌和龙舌兰 具有高度专业的授粉系统,而温带的 物种具有广义的授粉系统。但是,这种二分法从未进行过定量测试。我们使用传统的系统发育荟萃分​​析对这一假设进行了检验。 从文献中估计了三种影响大小:昼夜, 夜间和手交叉-pollination(花粉 限制的指标)。柱状仙人掌授粉系统的范围从热带的 纯蝙蝠授粉到广义的授粉, 的昼夜访问者与热带地区的夜间访问者一样有效。即使考虑到 物种之间的亲缘关系。元回归确定柱状仙人掌花粉限制的横向增加量 ,但在校正系统发育后,这种增加并不明显。 龙舌兰目前可利用的数据。不支持任何纬度 趋势。柱状仙人掌的花蜜产量随纬度而变化。 尽管这种变化与昼夜来访者的授粉 成正相关,但它受到系统发育的影响。柱状仙人掌 的授粉系统中的特异性程度 受生态因素的影响很大,并且具有可预测的 地理模式。

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