Local buckling can significantly affect the strength of stiffened panels. Most studies on the optimization of stiffened panels consider only one or two forms of buckling (buckling modes), because considering all possible mode shapes in nonlinear analysis of stiffened panels, particularly during the iterative process of optimization, is a complex and time-consuming task. This study presents an approach for optimization of stiffened panels considering geometric nonlinearity and local buckling. A method is presented to efficiently incorporate the effects of local buckling and mode switching during the optimization process.
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