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Combining Tithonia diversifolia and fertilizers for maize production in a phosphorus deficient soil in Kenya

机译:在肯尼亚缺磷的土壤中混合使用二氧化硫和化肥来生产玉米

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摘要

The ability of Tithonia diversifolia, fertilizers and their combination to improve maize production in a P-deficient Ferralsol was studied in western Kenya. Tithonia and fertilizers were applied separately or combined in different proportions to give equal rates of165 kg N ha−1, 15.5 kg P ha−1 and 155 kg K ha−1 in two consecutive maize growing seasons, followed by two residual maize crops. Maize grain yields and P recovered in the above-ground biomass were higher in the pure Tithonia than the pure fertilizer treatments. Maize yields increased with increasing proportions ofTithonia in the mixed treatments. When less than 36% of theP applied in the mixture was supplied by Tithonia, there was no additional yield benefit in the combined treatments compared to the pure fertilizer treatments. However an added value ranging from 18 to 24% in yield was observed at greater Tithonia proportions. Economic returns were greater when Tithonia was applied alone than when fertilizers were used, with a larger profit whenTithonia was collected from existing niches than when produced on site. Collecting Tithonia from current niches resulted also in larger net returns for all the combined treatments compared to the fertilizer treatments. The results of this study indicate that a high quality organic residue such as Tithonia can increase maize production to a greater extent than fertilizers. In low input systems, the combination of Tithonia and fertilizers is a valuable alternative when resources are scarce and an added benefit can be obtained by maximizing the proportion of Tithonia in the mixture.
机译:在肯尼亚西部,研究了硫磷,化肥及其组合提高磷缺乏型Ferralsol玉米产量的能力。分别施用或以不同比例混合使用二氧化钛和化肥,以连续两次连续施用相等量的165 kg N ha-1 ,15.5 kg P ha-1 和155 kg K ha-1 玉米的生长季节,随后是两种残留的玉米作物。纯钛土中玉米地上部分生物量中的谷物产量和磷回收率高于纯肥处理。在混合处理中,玉米产量随着二氧化钛比例的增加而增加。当由蒂索尼亚提供的混合物中施用的磷少于36%时,与纯肥处理相比,联合处理没有额外的增产效益。然而,在较大的二氧化钛比例下,观察到增产值为18%至24%。与单独使用化肥相比,单独施用二氧化硫的经济回报更高,与从现场生产的二氧化硫相比,使用二氧化硫收集的利润更大。与化肥处理相比,从目前的生态位中收集二氧化钛也导致所有联合处理的净收益更高。这项研究的结果表明,高品质的有机残留物(如二氧化硫)比肥料能更大程度地提高玉米产量。在低投入系统中,当资源短缺时,二氧化钛和化肥的结合是一种有价值的替代方法,并且通过最大化混合物中二氧化钛的比例可以获得额外的好处。

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