Introduction of Improved Equipment and Hand Tools for Farm Mechanization of Hilly Region in Indian Himalayas

摘要

In Indian Himalayas, topograph ic, technological infrastructure, credit and policy issues are major constraints. Farm machinery and power is an essential component in agriculture for timely field opera tions. Appropriate mechanization of hill agriculture is the need of the time and energy saving in various agricultural operations. Efficiency of human and animal energy was improved by designing better farm tools and machines that helped re duce drudgery of women farmers. This paper deals with the identifica tion of the constraints in the use of traditional agricultural implements and small tools in the state of Ut tarakhand hills. The level of mecha nization in agriculture is low due to the traditional implements and hand tools used in agriculture operation. Improved agricultural equipment and tools have been introduced for efficient farm operation and drudg ery reduction of hill farmers. At tempts are made to suggest various recommendations to overcome these problems.