3D Printed Li–S Batteries with In Situ Decorated Li_2S/C Cathode: Interface Engineering Induced Loading-Insensitivity for Scaled Areal Performance

摘要

Holding manifold advantages including environmental benignity, enhanced structural robustness, and high capacity, Li2S as a competitive substitute of sulfur in Li-S batteries is receiving escalating attention. However, serious issues rooted in its intrinsic poor conductivity and sluggish mass transport present the significant challenge of achieving high active material use with appealing kinetics for effective scaling in areal capacitance under elevated loading densities. This renders current Li2S cathodes incapable of securing energy availability that responds to power-hungry modern electronics. Here for the first time, an interfacial engineering approach is devised by in situ decorating a 3D printed carbonaceous scaffold with uniform surface-deposited Li2S and by healing the printed adjacent interface to eliminate the interfacial resistance. As a result, facile mass transport throughout the whole printed matrix is enabled. 3D printed electrodes with high active material use and loading-insensitive performance delivering outstanding areal capacity and fast kinetics of 6.29 mAh cm(-2) at 6 mA cm(-2) under an impressive loading density of 10 mg cm(-2) are realized, which are among the best results reported for Li2S-based batteries. The thrilling performance points to a highly effective approach that advances the performance of Li2S cathodes closer toward real-world applications.