有機ハイドライド供給システムを用いた燃料電池自動車のライフサイクルエネルギー消費・CO_2排出分析

摘要

現在，CO_2排出削減の対策として，また再生可能エネルギー利用拡大として燃料電池を搭載した燃料電池自動車（FCV）が注目されている．FCVの燃料である水素の貯蔵および輸送の方法にはいくつかの種類がある．有機ハイドライドはトルエンなどの芳香族化合物を用いて，水素を共有結合により取り込む方法であり，重量当りの水素含有率が高く，常温・常圧では液体でハンドリング性に優れる，反応が可逆的である等の理由から今後の水素キャリアとして期待されている．%Fuel cell vehicle (FCV) is one of the environment friendly vehicles which emit less CO_2 for the construction, operation and maintenance stages of their lifetime. Hydrogen used as gaseous fuel of FCV is needed to be stored under the dense state in a vehicle. Organic hydride is expected as a career of hydrogen because it can store hydrogen in the liquid state. In this study, life cycle energy requirements and CO_2 emissions for FCV based on organic hydride system were evaluated by the matrix method which is one of the life cycle inventory analysis methods. The life cycle inventories of FCV system with organic hydride from well to tank are compared with both inventories of the gasoline-powered vehicle (GV) and FCV system with high-pressure hydrogen feed. The results indicate that life cycle energy requirement of the organic hydride system is the largest and the CO_2 emission is increased by 19% compared with other systems.