Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition (Ndep), an important component of the global N cycle, has increased sharply in recent decades in China. Although there were already some studies on Ndep on a national scale, there were some gaps on the magnitude and the spatial patterns of Ndep. In this study, a national-scale Ndep pattern was constructed based on 139 published papers from 2003 to 2014 and the effects of precipitation (P), energy consumption (E) and N fertilizer use (FN) on spatial patterns of Ndep were analyzed. The wet deposition flux of NH4+-N, NO3--N and total Ndep was 6.83, 5.35 and 12.18 kg ha-1 a-1, respectively. Ndep exhibited a decreasing gradient from southeast to northwest of China. Through accuracy assessment of the spatial Ndep distribution and comparisons with other studies, the spatial Ndep distribution by Lu and Tian and this study both gained high accuracy. A strong exponential function was found between P and Ndep, FN and Ndep and E and Ndep, and P and FN had higher contribution than E on the spatial variation of Ndep. Fossil fuel combustion was the main contributor for NO3--N (86.0%) and biomass burning contributed 5.4% on the deposition of NO3--N. The ion of NH4+ was mainly from agricultural activities (85.9%) and fossil fuel combustion (6.0%). Overall, Ndep in China might be considerably affected by the high emissions of NOx and NH3 from fossil fuel combustion and agricultural activities.
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机译：大气氮（Ndep）是全球氮循环的重要组成部分，近几十年来在中国急剧增加。尽管已经在全国范围内对Ndep进行了一些研究，但在Ndep的大小和空间格局上仍存在一些差距。在这项研究中，以2003年至2014年发表的139篇论文为基础，构建了全国规模的Ndep模式，并分析了降水（P），能耗（E）和氮肥使用（FN）对Ndep空间模式的影响。 NH4 + -N，NO3 - -N和总Ndep的湿沉降通量分别为6.83、5.35和12.18 kg ha -1 a < sup> -1 。 Ndep的梯度从中国的东南到西北呈递减趋势。通过对空间Ndep分布的准确性评估并与其他研究进行比较，Lu和Tian和本研究的空间Ndep分布均获得了较高的准确性。在P和Ndep之间，FN和Ndep之间以及E和Ndep之间发现了强大的指数函数，并且P和F N 对N dep 的空间变化的贡献大于E。 。化石燃料燃烧是NO 3 - -N的主要贡献者（86.0％），生物质燃烧对NO 3 的沉积贡献了5.4％ - -N。 NH 4 + 的离子主要来自农业活动（85.9％）和化石燃料燃烧（6.0％）。总体而言，化石燃料燃烧和农业活动产生的NO x 和NH 3 的高排放可能会严重影响中国的N dep 。
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