首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Land Management Practices Associated with House Loss in Wildfires
【2h】

Land Management Practices Associated with House Loss in Wildfires

机译:与野火中房屋损失有关的土地管理实践

代理获取
本网站仅为用户提供外文OA文献查询和代理获取服务,本网站没有原文。下单后我们将采用程序或人工为您竭诚获取高质量的原文,但由于OA文献来源多样且变更频繁,仍可能出现获取不到、文献不完整或与标题不符等情况,如果获取不到我们将提供退款服务。请知悉。

摘要

Losses to life and property from unplanned fires (wildfires) are forecast to increase because of population growth in peri-urban areas and climate change. In response, there have been moves to increase fuel reduction—clearing, prescribed burning, biomass removal and grazing—to afford greater protection to peri-urban communities in fire-prone regions. But how effective are these measures? Severe wildfires in southern Australia in 2009 presented a rare opportunity to address this question empirically. We predicted that modifying several fuels could theoretically reduce house loss by 76%–97%, which would translate to considerably fewer wildfire-related deaths. However, maximum levels of fuel reduction are unlikely to be feasible at every house for logistical and environmental reasons. Significant fuel variables in a logistic regression model we selected to predict house loss were (in order of decreasing effect): (1) the cover of trees and shrubs within 40 m of houses, (2) whether trees and shrubs within 40 m of houses was predominantly remnant or planted, (3) the upwind distance from houses to groups of trees or shrubs, (4) the upwind distance from houses to public forested land (irrespective of whether it was managed for nature conservation or logging), (5) the upwind distance from houses to prescribed burning within 5 years, and (6) the number of buildings or structures within 40 m of houses. All fuel treatments were more effective if undertaken closer to houses. For example, 15% fewer houses were destroyed if prescribed burning occurred at the observed minimum distance from houses (0.5 km) rather than the observed mean distance from houses (8.5 km). Our results imply that a shift in emphasis away from broad-scale fuel-reduction to intensive fuel treatments close to property will more effectively mitigate impacts from wildfires on peri-urban communities.
机译:预计由于城郊地区人口增长和气候变化,计划外火灾(野火)造成的生命和财产损失将增加。作为回应,已经采取了一些措施来增加燃料的减少(清理,规定的燃烧,去除生物质和放牧),以便为易火地区的郊区社区提供更大的保护。但是这些措施效果如何? 2009年,澳大利亚南部发生的严重山火为人们提供了难得的机会,可以凭经验解决这个问题。我们预测,从理论上讲,使用几种燃料可以使房屋损失减少76%至97%,这将大大减少与野火有关的死亡。但是,由于后勤和环境原因,在每个房屋中都不可能实现最大程度的节油。在我们选择用来预测房屋损失的logistic回归模型中,重要的燃料变量为(按降序排列):(1)40 m房屋内的树木和灌木的覆盖;(2)40 m房屋内的树木和灌木是否被覆盖(3)从房屋到树木或灌木丛的上风距离,(4)从房屋到公共林地的上风距离(无论是为自然保护还是伐木进行管理),(5)在5年内从房屋到规定燃烧的上风距离,以及(6)40 m房屋内的建筑物或构筑物的数量。如果在靠近房屋的地方进行,所有的燃料处理都会更有效。例如,如果在规定的距离房屋最小距离(0.5 km)而不是距离房屋的平均距离(8.5 km)处发生规定的燃烧,则房屋损毁的房屋将减少15%。我们的结果表明,将重点从大规模减少燃料转向靠近物业的强化燃料处理将更有效地减轻野火对郊区社区的影响。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
代理获取

客服邮箱:kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备:11010802029741号 ICP备案号:京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号