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  • NLM标题: Infect Chemother
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  • 机译 在韩国成年人急性感染性腹泻中使用抗生素处方:一项基于人群的研究
    摘要:BackgroundAcute infectious diarrhea (AID) is a commonly observed condition globally. Several studies recommend against the use of empiric antibiotic therapy for AID, except in some cases of travelers' diarrhea. However, many physicians prescribe antimicrobial agents for AID. We aimed to determine the rate of antibiotic use and the associated prescription patterns among adults with AID.
  • 机译 接受了两剂含麻疹疫苗的抗麻疹免疫球蛋白G阴性医护人员中的修饰麻疹
    摘要:To date, documentation of two doses of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) has been accepted as confirmation of measles immunity among healthcare workers (HCWs). However, we encountered measles in an HCW who had received two doses of MCV. A patient with measles was admitted to our hospital. Among 62 exposed HCWs, one nurse who had previously received two doses of MCV was shown to be negative for anti-measles immunoglobulin G (IgG), and was confirmed to have measles 14 days after exposure. Based on this experience, we suggest that all HCWs should be tested for anti-measles IgG to confirm their immunity to measles.
  • 机译 免疫球蛋白在肾脏移植患者中成功治疗水痘带状疱疹病毒引起的暴发性肝炎
    摘要:The clinical benefit of adjuvant intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is controversial in immunocompromised patients with severe varicella. A twenty-one-year-old woman who had received a kidney transplant one year earlier presented with fever and generalized rash for 5 days. Initial immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG for varicella zoster virus (VZV) were negative; however, the patient was diagnosed with varicella with fulminant hepatitis because VZV-specific PCR from skin vesicles and blood was positive. The patient received intravenous acyclovir and 5-day IVIG. The decline of plasma viral load was steeper (beta coefficient −0.446) during IVIG therapy than after the therapy (beta coefficient −0.123) (P = 0.04), while VZV glycoprotein IgG titers and VZV-specific T cell responses were not detected during the 5-day IVIG therapy. The patient improved without any complications. This case provides an experimental evidence that adjuvant IVIG can significantly reduce viral load in immunocompromised patients with severe varicella.
  • 机译 韩国钩端螺旋体病的历史回顾(1945年至2015年)
    • 作者:Min Ja Kim
    • 刊名:Infection Chemotherapy
    • 2019年第3期
    摘要:Leptospirosis is a widespread worldwide zoonosis. Human leptospirosis was first identified in the Korea in 1984 as the cause of “epidemic pulmonary hemorrhagic fever of unknown etiology” that occurred sporadically or in outbreaks. The major outbreaks, leading to some deaths, mainly involved rice field farmers who worked in wet and muddy rice paddies following floods or heavy rainfalls. Leptospirosis was designated a nationally notifiable disease in 1987. The Korean government introduced a supplementary immunization program to control the disease from 1988 to 1997, which provided people at risk in endemic areas with the inactivated vaccine prepared from a local strain Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai. In addition, the continuous promotion of education and awareness in the media played a role in improving personal hygiene management. Since then, the reported incidence of leptospirosis has been low. Leptospirosis is currently considered in the differential diagnosis of acute febrile illnesses occurring in fall. This study historically reviews clinical and epidemiological publications, scientific reports, and public health policies for recognition, identification, and infection control of human leptospirosis in the Korea.
  • 机译 伤寒的治疗-韩国的临床和历史观点
    摘要:Typhoid fever, showed a dramatic decrease in its incidence from 56 per 100,000 population just after Korea's independence to <1 per 100,000 population in 2000s. The clinical features of patients with typhoid fever in Korea were not too different from those reported in textbooks. Beyond cultures and Widal test, other diagnostic techniques such as string capsule culture and polymerase chain reaction have been tried in Korea. As chloramphenicol is not used anymore in Korea, ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, fluoroquinolones, and third-generation cephalosporins have been administered for therapy of typhoid fever. Especially, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone were successfully tried with shorter duration of treatment (1 week). However, cases of treatment failure and resistance in ciprofloxacin were reported in Korea, which requires a great caution. As preventive vaccines, parenteral Vi polysaccharide vaccine and oral live attenuated vaccine are mainly used in Korea. The decline in the number of chronic carriers of typhoid fever in Korea by the roles of doctors and patient management from the health care authorities such as Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, prescription of effective antimicrobial agents, and increased piped water supply ratio are considered to be the major contributing factors to the reduction in the outbreak of typhoid fever in Korea.
  • 机译 临终护理中抗菌药物管理计划的实施
    • 作者:Ki Tae Kwon
    • 刊名:Infection Chemotherapy
    • 2019年第2期
    摘要:Many terminal patients at the end-of-life have been receiving antimicrobial therapy despite concerns including futile use, potential lack of efficacy, increased patient burden, excess costs, high risk of adverse effects, and increased antimicrobial resistance. Thus, the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in end-of-life care needs to be discussed. But, the topics of antimicrobial therapy and ASPs have not been addressed in the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision Act enacted in the Korea in February 2016. Antimicrobial therapy should be included in the decision-making framework for end-of-life care similar to other life-sustaining treatment decisions. If the antimicrobial therapy is legally considered as a life-sustaining treatment which can be withdrawn or withheld in patients at the end-of-life, the feasibility of implementing ASPs among this patient population may improve. Various researches on antimicrobial therapy for patients at the end-of-life need to be conducted and collaborations are required between ASPs professionals and many other concerned parties involved in the legislative process of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision Act. This review aims to summarize previous studies on the use of antimicrobials for end-of-life care and reveal important aspects for applying ASPs to this population in Korea.
  • 机译 韩国国家流感监测系统
    • 作者:Won Suk Choi
    • 刊名:Infection Chemotherapy
    • 2019年第2期
    摘要:Influenza is a very important respiratory infectious disease that causes seasonal epidemics and pandemics. A well-organized surveillance system is necessary to monitor and respond effectively to the epidemiologic features of influenza. Korea currently operates a national influenza surveillance system based on the clinical sentinel surveillance system, laboratory sentinel surveillance system, and hospitalization and mortality surveillance system. However, there is a need for a better national surveillance system due to a demand for various pieces of information related to influenza. This article discusses the general aspects of influenza surveillance systems and the future direction of the national influenza surveillance system of Korea.
  • 机译 在泰国携带金属β-内酰胺酶基因(包括新型blaIMP-65基因)的多药耐药铜绿假单胞菌中传播碳青霉烯抗性
    摘要:BackgroundPseudomonas aeruginosa is considered as one of the most emerging threats in this century. Serious infections caused by this pathogen are often treated by carbapenems which are the last resource of antibiotics. Metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) production is one of the most important carbepenem resistance mechanisms and is usually related with nosocomial infections caused by P. aeruginosa. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of MBL genes and distribution pattern of MBLs producing P. aeruginosa strains in Thailand.
  • 机译 一所体育学校2017年由B55型腺病毒引起的急性呼吸道感染暴发的流行病学调查
    摘要:BackgroundOn May 19, 2017, the cluster of 6 acute respiratory infections due to adenovirus in the swimming department of a physical education school (School J) was reported to Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. An epidemiological investigation was conducted to identify the transmission route of the infection and to control the outbreak.
  • 机译 韩国患者中大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌急性肾盂肾炎的比较
    摘要:BackgroundEscherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are two of the most common causes of urinary tract infection. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of acute pyelonephritis (APN) between E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
  • 机译 结核分枝杆菌感染中的血栓栓塞:分析和文献综述
    摘要:BackgroundTuberculosis is associated with hypercoagulation; however, there are few reports of cases thromboembolism and tuberculosis at the same time in the real world. The purpose of this study was to report the incidence and clinical course of thromboembolism in patients diagnosed with tuberculosis.
  • 机译 Kivexa®(拉米夫定/硫酸阿巴卡韦)在人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的韩国患者中的安全性和有效性分析
    摘要:BackgroundLamivudine and abacavir sulfate are widely used nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) backbone agents, which are recommended in major international treatment guidelines. The fixed-dose combination of lamivudine and abacavir sulfate has been developed to contribute to low pill burden of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen and patient adherence. A mandatory post-marketing surveillance was conducted in Korea to monitor the safety of Kivexa (lamivudine 300 mg/abacavir 600 mg).
  • 机译 复杂磨砂性斑疹伤寒的临床和实验室预测指标
    摘要:BackgroundScrub typhus, a mite-borne disease caused by bites of Orientia tsutsugamushi-infected chiggers, is endemic in Asia-Pacific countries. In Korea, it is a seasonal disease prevalent in autumn and one of the important causes of acute undifferentiated febrile illness. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for the prediction of the severe clinical course of scrub typhus and to investigate the differences in the clinical and laboratory findings of hospitalized elderly and non-elderly patients with scrub typhus.
  • 机译 幼儿园中的诺如病毒暴发:儿童之间的人际传播
    摘要:An outbreak of acute gastroenteritis was reported from a kindergarten on January 5, 2018 and investigation was conducted. A case was defined as a kindergartener presented with vomiting or diarrhea twice a day between January 1 and January 5, 2018. All kindergarteners were interviewed to identify the factor associated with case development. Fifteen (31.3%) children of a total of 48 were identified as cases, and four were confirmed to be Group II, Norovirus positive. In our study, based on the pattern of epidemic curve and different attack rate by classroom in a kindergarten, Norovirus was likely transmitted from human to human.
  • 机译 NDM-5和OXA-181碳青霉烯酶共同生产的大肠杆菌引起的医院内暴发
    摘要:Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) is an important and increasing threat to global health. From July to September 2017, 20 inpatients at a tertiary care hospital in Korea were either colonized or infected with carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli strains. All of E. coli isolates co-produced blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181 carbapenemase genes and shared ≥88% clonal relatedness on the basis of a cladistic calculation of the distribution of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Rapid detection of CPE is one of the most important factors to prevent CPE dissemination because it takes long time for CPE to become negative.
  • 机译 小儿化学疗法和造血细胞移植后血液系统恶性肿瘤患者的甲型肝炎病毒血清阳性率
    摘要:This retrospective study was performed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in children and adolescents with hematologic malignancies after the completion of chemotherapy and hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Of 97 enrolled patients, 60 (61.9%) were seropositive for HAV. The seroprevalences in patients undergoing chemotherapy and HCT were 60.3% (41/68) and 65.5% (19/29), respectively (P = 0.628). No significant factors associated with seropositivity for HAV after chemotherapy and HCT were identified. Anti-HAV tests and HAV re-vaccinations can be considered in children and adolescents with underlying hematologic malignancies after chemotherapy and HCT based on the anti-HAV results.
  • 机译 鉴定成人结核性脑膜炎,病毒性脑膜炎和细菌性脑膜炎的统一病例定义标准的有效性
    摘要:We validated the uniform case definition for differentiating tuberculous meningitis (TBM) from both viral meningitis (VM) and bacterial meningitis (BM) in adults from South Korea, a country with an intermediate TB-burden. ‘Probable’ TBM differentiated ‘definite’ TBM with a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 98%. ‘Possible TBM’ criteria identified ‘definite’ TBM with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 60%. Despite the usefulness of the uniform case definition criteria, there was substantial overlaps among VM, BM, and ‘possible’ TBM, especially in severe cases of VM and indolent cases of BM.
  • 机译 患有化学口病的患者因水生拉氏菌引起的细菌血症
    摘要:Rahnella aquatilis, a saprophytic organism, is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. The natural habitat of this organism is fresh water, and it is rarely found in clinical specimens. Clinical conditions ascribed to this organism include bacteremia, respiratory infection, urinary tract infection, wound infection in an immunocompromised host, and infective endocarditis in patients with congenital heart diseases. Here, we report a case of bacteremia due to R. aquatilis in a woman with breast cancer who had received chemotherapy through a chemoport. To our knowledge, this is the second case of bacteremia caused by this organism in a patient with cancer in Korea.
  • 机译 韩国of虫病的历史
    摘要:Tsutsugamushi disease or scrub typhus in Korea was first officially reported in foreign soldiers in 1951 and in indigenous persons in 1986. However, the history is further prolonged. The book Dong Ui Bo Gam, published in 1613, described “Soo Dok” (water poisoning), which is similar to tsutsugamushi disease. Further, the term was mentioned in the book Hyang Yak Gu Geup Bang, first published in 1232–1251. During the Japanese colonial rule (1910-1945), Trombicula akamushi was identified in Suwon, Korea, in 1917. Although cases of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea with a murine typhus-like illness and OXK-positivity were reported in 1935, such atypical presentation was not recognized as tsutsugamushi disease. During the Korean War, in 1951, tsutsugamushi disease developed in two British soldiers stationed in the Imjin River, who presented typical features and positive OXK reactions. Indigenous cases have re-emerged since 1986. Thereafter, there were many studies on various aspects of tsutsugamushi disease: epidemiology, vector, small mammals, clinical features and complications, diagnosis, and treatment. Persistence of Orientia tsutsugamushi and its possible recrudescence with pneumonia were reported in 2012 and 2014, respectively.
  • 机译 韩国的梅毒和淋病史
    摘要:In Korea, systematic management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including syphilis and gonorrhea, began only after the end of the Korean War. Since the enactment of the Law on Prevention of Communicable Diseases of 1954, STI has been managed and regularly monitored in high risk group. However, the major turning point was the implementation of the Special Law on Prostitution, which was enacted in September 2004. The national policy on STI management had also changed from management of core groups by mandatory to voluntary examinations and treatment of patients by health examinations. The national surveillance system for STI was introduced in 2000 by the revision of the Prevention of Communicable Diseases Act of 1999. The incidence of STI had increased in the 1960s, but began to decline at the 1970s. In the 21st century, the incidence of STI has been increasing again. Currently, more thorough methods of STI management are needed in Korea.

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