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  • 刊频： Quarterly, with annual supplement, 2001-
  • NLM标题： Exp Anim
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  • 1.

    【2hr】Infrared thermal imaging associated with pain in laboratoryanimals

    包量

    机译 在实验室疼痛相关的红外线热成像动物
    摘要：The science of animal welfare has evolved over the years, and recent scientific advanceshave enhanced our comprehension of the neurological, physiological, and ethologicalmechanisms of diverse animal species. Currently, the study of the affective states(emotions) of nonhuman animals is attracting great scientific interest focused primarilyon negative experiences such as pain, fear, and suffering, which animals experience indifferent stages of their lives or during scientific research. Studies underway today seekto establish methods of evaluation that can accurately measure pain and then developeffective treatments for it, because the techniques available up to now are notsufficiently precise. One innovative technology that has recently been incorporated intoveterinary medicine for the specific purpose of studying pain in animals is calledinfrared thermography (IRT), a technique that works by detecting and measuring levels ofthermal radiation at different points on the body’s surface with high sensitivity. Changesin IRT images are associated mainly with blood perfusion, which is modulated by themechanisms of vasodilatation and vasoconstriction. IRT is an efficient, noninvasive methodfor evaluating and controlling pain, two critical aspects of animal welfare in biomedicalresearch. The aim of the present review is to compile and analyze studies of infraredthermographic changes associated with pain in laboratory research involving animals.
  • 2.

    【2hr】Low maternal licking/grooming stimulation increases pain sensitivity in malemouse offspring

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    机译 低产妇舔/修饰刺激会增加男性的疼痛敏感性鼠标后代
    摘要：Deprivation of maternal care has been associated with higher pain sensitivity inoffspring. In the present study, we hypothesized that the maternal licking/groomingbehavior was an important factor for the development of the pain regulatory system. Totest this hypothesis, we used male F2 offspring of early-weaned (EW) F1 mother mice thatexhibit lower frequency of licking/grooming behavior. The formalin test revealed that F2offspring of EW F1 dams showed significantly higher pain behavior than F2 offspring ofnormally-weaned (NW) F1 dams. We found that the mRNA levels of transient receptorpotential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a nociceptor, were higher in the lumbosacral dorsal rootganglion (DRG) of F2 offspring of EW F1 dams than those of F2 offspring of NW F1 dams,suggesting that the higher pain sensitivity may be attributed to low licking/grooming,which may result in developmental changes in nociceptive neurons. In the DRG, mRNA levelsof Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor B4 (MrgprB4), a marker of sensory neurons thatdetect gentle stroking, was also up-regulated in the F2 offspring of EW F1 dams.Considering that gentle touch alleviates pain, Mrgprb4 up-regulation mayreflect a compensatory change. The present findings indicate important implications ofmaternal licking/grooming behavior in the development of the pain regulatory system.
  • 3.

    【2hr】Characterization of a bicistronic knock-in reporter mouse model forinvestigating the role of CABLES2

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    机译 作者：张莹莹王莹王莹王调查电缆的作用2
    摘要：
  • 4.

    【2hr】Effect of Cetrorelix administration on ovarian stimulation in agedmice

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    机译 CetroreLix管理对老年人卵巢刺激的影响老鼠
    摘要：In mice, ovarian stimulation via hormone administration is an effective method forobtaining many ova simultaneously, but its effect is reduced by the influence of aging. Inthis study, we demonstrate that this problem can be improved by administering thegonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist Cetrorelix prior to ovarian stimulation. Before12-month-old female mice were injected with 5 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and 5 IUhuman chorionic gonadotropin, we administered 5 µg/kg Cetrorelix for 7consecutive days (7 times) or 3 times once every 3 days. As a result, 8.7 ± 1.9 (mean ±SEM, n=10) and 9.8 ± 1.3 (n=10) oocytes were obtained, respectively, as opposed to 4.7 ±1.2 oocytes (n=9) in the case of no administration. Collagen staining of ovarian tissueshowed that Cetrorelix administration reduced the degree of fibrosis, which improvedovarian function. In addition, equivalent fertilization and fetal development ratesbetween control and Cetrorelix-treated aged mouse-derived oocytes were confirmed byin vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (Fertilization rate;control: 92.2% vs. 3 times: 96.9%/7 times: 88.5%, Birth rate; control: 56.4% vs. 3 times:58.3%/7 times: 51.8%), indicating the normality of the obtained oocytes. It is concludedthat Cetrorelix improved the effect of superovulation in aged mice without reducing oocytequality. This procedure will contribute to animal welfare by extending the effectiveutilization of aged female breeding mice.
  • 5.

    【2hr】The effect of a natural molecule in ovary ischemia reperfusion damage: doeslycopene protect ovary?

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    机译 自然分子在卵巢缺血再灌注损伤中的影响：做番茄红素保护卵巢？
    摘要：Ovarian ischemia is a gynecological emergency case that occurs as a result of ovariantorsion. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the development of ischemia/reperfusion(IR) injuries. Lycopene (LYC) is a lipophilic, natural carotenoid well known for itsantioxidant properties. This study provides information on the potential applications oflycopene. The Wistar Albino rats were distributed into six groups: Sham group (only alaparotomy was performed), Control group [laparotomy and intraperitoneal dissolvent (oliveoil)], IR group, IR+olive oil group, IR+LYC 2.5 mg/kg/dose, intraperitoneal group, IR+LYC5 mg/kg/dose intraperitoneal group. Evaluated in terms of histopathological changes,tissue malondialdehyde levels (MDA), ovarian expressions of phosphorylated nuclearfactor-kappa B (p-NF-κB) and the TUNEL method was utilized to show apoptosis of ovariantissue. There was a significant decrease in MDA, p-NF-κB values and the proportion ofapoptotic cells assessed by TUNEL compared to the group that did not receiveintraperitoneal LYC in rat injury with IR damage (P<0.05). Inhistopathological damage scoring, it was observed that the cell damage was significantlyreduced in LYC-administered groups. LYC showed significant ameliorative effects on ovaryinjury caused by IR through acting as an antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptoticagent.
  • 6.

    【2hr】Effects of chitosan oligosaccharides on intestinal oxidative stress andinflammation response in heat stressed rats

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    机译 壳聚糖寡糖对肠道氧化应激的影响热应激大鼠炎症反应
    摘要：
  • 7.

    【2hr】The potential protective role of folic acid against acetaminophen-inducedhepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats

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    机译 叶酸对乙酰氨基酚诱导的潜在保护作用大鼠肝毒性和肾毒性
    摘要：Folic acid (FA), is a group B vitamin, has high reactive oxygen radicals quenchingability, resulting in protection against oxidative damage in aerobic cell. Acetaminophen(N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and can promoteoxidative damage in liver and kidney tissues. The aim of this study was to investigatewhether folic acid has protective effects on oxidative liver and kidney injury caused byexperimental APAP toxication. Forty female Sprague dawley rats were divided into 5 groups;control, APAP, FA, APAP+FA, and APAP+N-acetylcysteine (NAC) groups. APAP toxication wasinduced by oral gavage (3 g/kg bodyweight). FA (20 mg/kg bodyweight) and NAC (150 mg/kgbodyweight) were given by oral gavage to the specified groups. Oxidant and antioxidantparameter were determined in liver and kidney tissues. In addition, the liver and kidneytissues were histological evaluated. When compared with APAP group, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase activities and glutathione levels were statistically higher,malondialdehyde (MDA) level and myeloperoxidase activity (except liver tissue) werestatistically lower in both APAP+FA and APAP+NAC. Liver and kidney MDA level and kidneySOD activity were significantly lower in APAP+NAC group compared with APAP+FA group.Co-administration of NAC with APAP was found to provide protection, but hepatic cords weredefective in some places and some glomerular tubules also had dilatation. Necrotic areaswas reduced in the liver and the glomerular structure was in good condition in the APAP+FAgroup. As a result, FA might have a protective effect against APAP-inducedhepato-nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat.
  • 8.

    【2hr】Estrogen synthesis in the stomach of Sprague-Dawley rats: comparison toWistar rats

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    机译 Sprague-Dawley大鼠胃中的雌激素合成：与之相比Wistar Rat.
    摘要：Aromatase, an estrogen synthase, exists in the gastric parietal cells of Wistar rats. Thestomach synthesizes large amounts of estrogens and secretes them into the portal vein. Wehave been particularly studying gastric estrogen synthesis using Wistar rats. However,estrogen synthesis in the stomach of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, which are used asfrequently as those of the Wistar strain, has not been clarified. We examined steroidsynthesis in the stomach of SD rats using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization,Western blotting, real-time PCR, and LC-MS/MS. Aromatase also exists in the stomach of SDrats. Its distribution was not found to be different from that of Wistar rats. Resultsshow that H+/K+-ATPase β-subunit and aromatase colocalized in doubleimmunofluorescence staining. Each steroid synthase downstream from progesterone waspresent in the gastric mucosa. These results suggest that steroid hormones are synthesizedin the parietal cells in the same pathway as Wistar rats. Although mRNA expression ofsteroid synthases were higher in SD, no significant difference was found in the amount ofprotein and each steroid hormone level in the portal vein. Although differences betweenstrains might exist in steroid hormone synthesis, results show that SD rats are as usefulas Wistar rats for gastric estrogen synthesis experimentation.
  • 9.

    【2hr】A high-fat diet and high-fat and high-cholesterol diet may affect glucose andlipid metabolism differentially through gut microbiota in mice

    包量

    机译 高脂饮食和高脂肪和高胆固醇饮食可能会影响葡萄糖和脂质代谢差异通过小鼠肠道微生物肠道
    摘要：
  • 10.

    【2hr】Establishment of a novel method for the production of chimeric mouse embryosusing water-in-oil droplets

    包量

    机译 建立一种生产嵌合小鼠胚胎的新方法使用油水液滴
    摘要：Production of chimeric animals is often a necessity for the generation of geneticallymodified animals and has gained popularity in recent years in regenerative medicine forthe reconstruction of xenogeneic organs. Aggregation and injection methods are generallyused to produce chimeric mice. In the aggregation method, the chimeras are produced byco-culturing embryos and stem cells, and keeping them physically adhered, although it maynot be an assured method for producing chimeric embryos. In the injection method, thechimeras are produced by injecting stem cells into the zona pellucida usingmicrocapillaries; however, this technique requires a high degree of skill. This studyaimed to establish a novel method for producing chimeric embryos via water-in-oil dropletsthat differs from conventional methods. In this study, embryonic stem cells and embryoswere successfully isolated in the droplets, and the emergence of chimeric embryos wasconfirmed by co-culture for 6 h. Using this method, the control and operability of stemcell numbers could be regulated, and reproducibility and quantification were improvedduring the production of chimeric embryos. In addition to the conventional methods forproducing chimeric embryos, the novel method described here could be employed for theefficient production of chimeric animals.
  • 11.

    【2hr】Tamoxifen feeding method is suitable for efficient conditionalknockout

    包量

    机译 Tamoxifen进料方法适用于有效条件昏死
    摘要：
  • 12.

    【2hr】JM-1232(−) and propofol a new combination of hypnotics with short-acting andnon-cumulative preferable properties

    包量

    机译 JM-1232（ - ）和异丙酚一种新的催眠药组合短作用和非累积优选性能
    摘要：Drug interactions are significant in anesthesiology because drug combinations canpotentially possess novel properties. The pharmacological advantages of a new combinationof the benzodiazepine receptor agonist JM-1232(−) and propofol were investigated in mice.Male adult mice were administered JM-1232(−) or propofol or combinations of the two drugsintravenously. Loss of the righting reflex was evaluated as achieving hypnosis, and thetime until recovery of the reflex was measured as hypnosis time. After determining theED50, doses double and triple the ED50 of propofol were injectedwith JM-1232(−) to compare hypnosis time. The injections were repeated four times, and thehypnosis times were compared. Flumazenil was administered separately immediately after thelast dose was injected. The ED50 values ([95% confidence interval]) forhypnosis were 3.76 [3.36–4.10] for JM-1232(−) and 9.88 [8.03–11.58] mg kg−1 forpropofol. Co-administration of 0.5 and 1 mg kg−1 JM-1232(−) reduced theED50 values of propofol to 1.76 [1.21–2.51] and 1.00 [0.46–1.86] mgkg−1, respectively. The drug combination for hypnosis produced asupra-additive interaction. Hypnosis time was significantly shorter in the groups giventhe mixtures compared to each hypnotic administered alone. After repeated injections,hypnosis time with the mixtures showed smaller prolongation than that with the hypnoticalone. Flumazenil completely restored the recovery time after anesthesia. The combinationof JM-1232(−) and propofol showed a supra-additive interaction, and the reduced hypnoticdose contributed to a faster recovery even after multiple injections.
  • 13.

    【2hr】Comparison of the anatomical morphology of cervical vertebrae between humansand macaques: related to a spinal cord injury model

    包量

    机译 人类宫颈椎骨解剖学形态的比较和猕猴：与脊髓损伤模型有关
    摘要：Non-human primates are most suitable for generating cervical experimental models, and itis necessary to study the anatomy of the cervical spine in non-human primates whengenerating the models. The purpose of this study was to provide the anatomical parametersof the cervical spine and spinal cord in long-tailed macaques (Macacafascicularis) as a basis for cervical spine-related experimental studies.Cervical spine specimens from 8 male adult subjects were scanned by micro-computedtomography, and an additional 10 live male subjects were scanned by magnetic resonanceimaging. The measurements and parameters from them were compared to those of 12 male adulthuman subjects. Additionally, 10 live male subjects were scanned by magnetic resonanceimaging, and the width and depth of the spinal cord and spinal canal and the thickness ofthe anterior and posterior cerebrospinal fluid were measured and compared to the relevantparameters of 10 male adult human subjects. The tendency of cervical parameters to changewith segmental changes was similar between species. The vertebral body, spinal canal, andspinal cord were significantly flatter in the human subjects than in the long-tailedmacaques. The cerebrospinal fluid space in the long-tailed macaques was smaller than thatin the human subjects. The anatomical features of the cervical vertebrae of long-tailedmacaques provide a reference for establishing a preclinical model of cervical spinal cordinjury.
  • 14.

    【2hr】The acoustic startle reflex as a tool for assessment of odor environmenteffects on affective states in laboratory mice

    包量

    机译 声学爆发反射作为评估气味环境的工具实验室小鼠中情感态的影响
    摘要：Apart from self and conspecific odors, odors from other species also influence theaffective states in laboratory mice (Mus musculus musculus) in their homecages and during experimental procedures, possibly inducing confusion and inconsistency inexperimental data. Thus, it is important to detect the types of animal odors associatedwith housing, husbandry, and laboratory practice that can arouse different types ofaffective changes in mice. Here, we aimed to test the effectiveness of the acousticstartle reflex (ASR) in detecting changes in the affective states of laboratory mice dueto animal-derived-odor as it has a non-zero baseline, and can be enhanced or attenuated bypositive or negative affective shifts, respectively. We used ASR to examine the affectivechanges in mice that were induced by bedding odors and an alarm pheromone. The odor ofbedding obtained from the mice’ home cages significantly attenuated the ASR, suggestingpositive affective shifts in the test mice, whereas that from bedding obtained from ratcages significantly enhanced the ASR, suggesting negative affective shifts. No significantchanges in ASR were observed in mice presented with the odor of bedding obtained fromcages of unfamiliar conspecifics. In contrast, there was significant ASR enhancement inmice exposed to volatile components of alarm pheromones trapped in water, suggestingnegative affective shifts. Thus, our findings show that ASR may be a valuable tool inassessing the effects of odors on the affective states in laboratory mice.
  • 15.

    【2hr】PHF24 is expressed in the inhibitory interneurons in rats

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    机译 pHF24在大鼠的抑制性中间核中表达
    摘要：Noda epileptic rat (NER) is a mutant model for epilepsy that exhibits spontaneousgeneralized tonic-clonic seizure. Epileptogenesis of NER remains to be elucidated; but itis detected an insertion of an endogenous retrovirus sequence in intron 2 of the PHDfinger protein 24 (Phf24) gene, encoding Gαi-interacting protein (GINIP).Phf24 is a strong candidate gene for epileptogenesis in NER. PHF24modulates GABAB signaling through interacting with Gαi protein. To clarify theepileptogenesis of NER, we investigated a distribution of PHF24-expressing cells in thecentral nerve system (CNS). While broad expression of PHF24 was observed in the CNS,characteristic expression was noted in the periglomerular layer of the olfactory bulb andthe lamina II of the spinal cord in the control rats. These cells showed co-expressionwith calbindin or calretinin, inhibitory interneuron markers. In the olfactory bulb, 15.6%and 41.2% of PHF24-positive neurons co-expressed calbindin and calretinin, respectively.Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that PHF24 was located in the presynaptic terminals,synaptic membranes and cytoplasmic matrix of neuronal soma. Our data suggested PHF24 isexpressed in the inhibitory interneurons and may play important roles in modulation of theGABAB signaling.
  • 16.

    【2hr】Plenary Lecture

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    机译 全体讲座
    • 作者：
    • 刊名：Experimental Animals
    • 2021年第Suppl期
    摘要：The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF.
  • 17.

    【2hr】Educational Lecture

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    机译 教育讲座
    • 作者：
    • 刊名：Experimental Animals
    • 2021年第Suppl期
    摘要：The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF.
  • 18.

    【2hr】Encouragement Award

    包量

    机译 鼓励奖励
    • 作者：
    • 刊名：Experimental Animals
    • 2021年第Suppl期
    摘要：The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF.
  • 19.

    【2hr】Symposium 1

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    机译 研讨会1
    • 作者：
    • 刊名：Experimental Animals
    • 2021年第Suppl期
    摘要：The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF.
  • 20.

    【2hr】Symposium 3

    包量

    机译 研讨会3.
    • 作者：
    • 刊名：Experimental Animals
    • 2021年第Suppl期
    摘要：The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF.
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