Purpose: During assisted conception treatment the male partner is under stress and consequently can fail to produce semen sample prior to egg collection. Failure to produce spermatozoa at a given time could lead to cancellation of the procedure.Methods: We report the use of emergency percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) for temporary erectile dysfunction in a couple undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment. In the last 2 years, we saw three men who failed to produce a semen sample on the day of their partners' egg collection procedure.Results: In the first case the male partner failed to produce semen after egg collection and the cycle was canceled. This clinical scenario was likely to recur and one of the options was to consider PESA. In the second case the male partner was counseled about the availability of PESA but he managed to produce spermatozoa at home. The third patient was unable to produce a semen sample despite being provided audiovisual support and being allowed to go home. Five hours after the egg collection, emergency PESA was performed after appropriate counseling. The procedure yielded motile spermatozoa which were used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection which resulted in successful fertilization, embryo transfer, and pregnancy.Conclusions: This case emphasizes that surgical procedures, such as PESA,TESA, and TESE, are useful alternatives but should be the last option to obtain sperm for ART. Other nonsurgical procedures, such as audiovisual aids, producing sperm at home, and the use of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) must be offered first to men with temporary erectile dysfunction during ART treatment.
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