Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation can be a potential cure forhematological malignancies and some nonhematologic diseases. Hematopoietic stemand progenitor cells (HSPCs) collected from peripheral blood after mobilizationare the primary source to provide HSC transplantation. In most of the cases,mobilization by the cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor withchemotherapy, and in some settings, with the CXC chemokine receptor type 4antagonist plerixafor, can achieve high yield of hematopoietic progenitor cells(HPCs). However, adequate mobilization is not always successful in a significantportion of donors. Research is going on to find new agents or strategies toincrease HSC mobilization. Here, we briefly review the history of HSCtransplantation, current mobilization regimens, some of the novel agents thatare under investigation for clinical practice, and our recent findings fromanimal studies regarding Notch and ligand interaction as potential targets forHSPC mobilization.
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