Taxane‐induced neurotoxicity: Pathophysiology and therapeutic perspectives

摘要

Taxane‐derived drugs are antineoplastic agents used for the treatment of highly common malignancies. Paclitaxel and docetaxel are the most commonly used taxanes; however, other drugs and formulations have been used, such as cabazitaxel and nab‐paclitaxel. Taxane treatment is associated with neurotoxicity, a well‐known and relevant side effect, very prevalent amongst patients undergoing chemotherapy. Painful peripheral neuropathy is the most dose‐limiting side effect of taxanes, affecting up to 97% of paclitaxel‐treated patients. Central neurotoxicity is an emerging side effect of taxanes and it is characterized by cognitive impairment and encephalopathy. Besides impairing compliance to chemotherapy treatment, taxane‐induced neurotoxicity (TIN) can adversely affect the patient's life quality on a long‐term basis. Despite the clinical relevance, not many reviews have comprehensively addressed taxane‐induced neurotoxicity when they are used therapeutically. This article provides an up‐to‐date review on the pathophysiology of TIN and the novel potential therapies to prevent or treat this side effect.