Comparison of robot-assisted retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy versus retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large pheochromocytoma: a single-centre retrospective study

摘要

Representative intraoperative images of a patient with a 7-cm right-sided PHEO who underwent RARLA. a The first anatomical layer (between the peritoneal reflex and RAC), b the second anatomical layer (between the dorsal kidney and the psoas major), c the third anatomical layer (between the upper pole of the kidney and the adrenal gland), and d ligation and disconnection of the CAV are shown in the intraoperative photo. CAV, Central adrenal vein; IVC, Inferior vena cava; PHEO, Pheochromocytoma; RAC, Renal adipose capsule; RARLA, Robot-assisted retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy