Bird and invertebrate communities appear unaffected by fracking traffic along rural roads despite dust emissions

摘要

An Eastern Kingbird perched on a dust collector in a cereal field in Dunn County, North Dakota. Note the invertebrate prey visible in the bill. Dust collectors and trail cameras were mounted at a height of 1.5 m and at increasing distances from unpaved roads (15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 360 m) frequented by energy-related traffic