Establishment and utilization of an evaluation system for virucidal activity of disinfectants against a coronavirus with apparent applicability toSARS-CoV-2

摘要

Decontamination of pathogens on surfaces of substances is very important for controlling infectious diseases. In the present experiments, we tested variousdisinfectants in aqueous phase as well as on plastic surface carrying a viral inoculum, through dropping and wiping decontamination techniques, comparatively,so as to evaluate virucidal efficacies of those disinfectants toward an avian coronavirus (infectious bronchitis virus: IBV). We regard this evaluation systemapplicable to SARS-CoV-2. The disinfectants evaluated were 0.17% food additive glade calcium hydroxide (FdCa(OH)2) solution, sodium hypochlorite at500 or 1,000 ppm of total chlorine (NaClO-500 or NaClO-1,000, respectively), NaClO at 500 ppm of total chlorine in 0.17% FdCa(OH)2 (Mix-500) andquaternary ammonium compound (QAC) diluted 500-fold in water (QAC-500). In the suspension test, all solutions inactivated IBV inoculum that contained 5% fetalbovine serum (FBS) under detectable level within 30 sec. In the carrier test, all solutions, except NaClO-500, could inactivate IBV with 0.5% FBS on a carrierto undetectable level in the wiping-sheets and wiped-carriers. We thus conclude that suspension and carrier tests should be introduced to evaluate disinfectantsfor the field usage, and that this evaluation system is important and workable for resultful selection of the tested disinfectants against avian coronavirus andSARS-CoV-2 on surfaces, particularly on plastic fomite.