The majority of the world's population lives in cities, yet our understanding of the dynamics and distribution of bacteria, viruses, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in urban built environments is limited. Cities and urban transport hubs like metro stations and airports represent the sites of highest human population density, and are thus hotspot areas for microbial and genetic exchange in both developing and developed countries. Moreover, most inhabitants, visitors and passenger carry a mobile phone, which serves as a molecular echo of the travel history of a person as well as a representation of his or her personal microbiome.
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