The effect of fringing fields on the divergence of the ion beam exiting an RF quadrupole ion guide was studied using a computer simulation. It was shown that reducing the strength of the RF field towards the ion guide exit reduces ion beam divergence. Further improvement was demonstrated when creating a DC gradient towards the exit. The results of the numerical simulation were verified experimentally using a time-of-flight mass analyzer with orthogonal acceleration. Decreasing the ion beam divergence resulted in considerably improved mass resolution of the instrument.
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