Common responses to hypoxia include decreased body temperature (Tb) and decreased energy metabolism. In this study, the effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on Tb and metabolic oxygen consumption (V̇o2) were investigated in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). When exposed to hypoxia (15, 13, 11 and 9% O2), Tb decreased only at 11% and 9% O2 compared to normoxia; quail were better able to maintain Tb during acute hypoxia after a one-week acclimation to 10% O2. V̇o2 also decreased during hypoxia, but at 9% O2 this was partially offset by increased anaerobic metabolism. Tb and V̇o2 responses to 9% O2 were exaggerated at lower ambient temperature (Ta), reflecting a decreased lower critical temperature during hypoxia. Conversely, hypoxia had little effect on Tb or V̇o2 at higher Ta (36°C). We conclude that Japanese quail respond to hypoxia in much the same way as mammals, by reducing both Tb and V̇o2. No relationship was found between the magnitudes of decreases in Tb and V̇o2 during 9% O2, however. Since metabolism is the source of heat generation, this suggests that Japanese quail increase thermolysis to reduce Tb. During hypercapnia (3, 6 and 9% CO2), Tb was reduced only at 9% CO2 while V̇o2 was unchanged.
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机译：对缺氧的常见反应包括体温（Tb）降低和能量代谢降低。在这项研究中，研究了日本鹌鹑（Coturnix japonica）对缺氧和高碳酸血症对Tb和代谢耗氧量（V̇o2）的影响。当暴露于低氧（15、13、11和9％的氧气）时，与正常氧相比，Tb仅在11％和9％的氧气下降低；在适应了10％的O2一周后，鹌鹑在急性低氧状态下能够更好地维持Tb。缺氧时V̇o2也会降低，但是O2含量为9％时，厌氧代谢增加会部分抵消。在较低的环境温度（Ta）下，Tb和V̇o2对9％O2的响应被夸大了，这反映了在低氧状态下较低的临界温度降低了。相反，在较高的T a （36°C）下，低氧对Tb或V̇o2的影响很小。我们得出的结论是，日本鹌鹑通过降低T b 和V̇o 2 来对缺氧做出与哺乳动物几乎相同的反应。在9％O 2 期间，T b 和V̇o 2 的下降幅度之间没有关系。由于新陈代谢是热量的来源，这表明日本鹌鹑增加了热分解作用，从而降低了T b 。在高碳酸血症（3％，6％和9％CO 2 ）中，T b 仅在9％CO 2 降低，而V̇o 2 保持不变。
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