Arylethyne Bromoboration–Negishi Coupling Route to E- or Z-Aryl-Substituted Trisubstituted Alkenes of ≥98 IsomericPurity. New Horizon in the Highly Selective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes

摘要

The hitherto unprecedented palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of (Z)-β-bromo-β-arylethenylboranes can be made to proceed satisfactorily through (1) the use of highly catalytically active bis(tri-tert-butylphosphine)palladium or dichloro[N,N-bis-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-yl](m-chloropyridine)palladium and (2) conversion of dibromoboryl group to (pinacol)boryl group. Thus, a wide variety of carbon groups can be used to substitute bromine in ≥98% stereo- and regioselectivity, while suppressing the otherwise dominant β-debromoboration. Together with the alkylethyne-based protocols, the alkyne bromoboration–Negishi coupling tandem process has emerged as the most widely applicable and highly selective route to trisubstituted alkenes including those that are otherwise difficult to access.