Evolution of brain-computer interface: Action potentials local field potentials and electrocorticograms

摘要

Invasive brain computer interfaces (BCI) have primarily evolved over the last decade. Although there are a few earlier examples, the 2000’s were really the years when a critical mass of neuroscientists, bioengineers and clinicians came together to make significant advances in the field. Over the last decade there have been numerous technological and neuroscientific advances, but the last decade has also seen an expansion in types of invasive recording modalities used in BCI. This article will discuss the evolution of BCIs from the highly-invasive, penetrating, multi-single unit arrays to the more recent meso-invasive, epidural micro-electrocorticographic arrays and their techniques. While the goal of this article is to illustrate the similarities between action potentials (AP), local field potentials (LFP) and electrocorticograms (ECoG) and their evolution over the last decade; the reader may be interested in three recent indepth reviews that specifically cover either SU BCI [][] or ECoG BCI [].