The objective of this review is to identify common areas in gastroenterology practice where studies performed provide an opportunity for enhancing value or lowering costs. We provide examples of topics in gastroenterology where we could enhance value by either using less invasive testing, choosing a single best test, or by using patient symptoms to guide additional testing. The topics selected for review are selected in esophageal, pancreatic and colorectal cancer, functional gastrointestinal diseases (irritable bowel syndrome, bacterial overgrowth, constipation), immune-mediated gastrointestinal diseases, and pancreatico-biliary pathology, and we propose guidance to alter practice based on current evidence.These studies support the need to review current practice and to continue performing research to further validate the proposed guidance in order to enhance value of care in gastroenterology and hepatology.
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