WISDOM ACROSS ADULT LIFESPAN: ASSOCIATIONS WITH POSITIVE TRAITS AND STATES

摘要

We examined associations of cognitive, reflective, and affective dimensions of wisdom in a 2-year follow-up study of a community-based sample. Participants (51% male) were 1,441 adults aged 21 to 100 years (M = 66; SD = 21). Wisdom was assessed with 39-item 3-Dimensional Wisdom Scale. Cross-sectionally, correlations with age were small (-.17 for cognitive, and -.05 and -.08 for others). All 3 dimensions had medium size correlations (r > .3) with resilience, optimism, and personal mastery. The reflective dimension also had medium size correlations with happiness and life satisfaction, and inverse correlations with levels of perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. At 2-year follow-up, reliability change index scores indicated relatively little change in the reflective and affective scores, but a slight decline in the cognitive scores. These results suggest that wisdom is a relatively stable trait that is associated, especially its reflective dimension, with positive traits and states (e.g., resilience, happiness).