All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others: Plasma lactate and succinate in hemorrhagic shock: A comparison in rodents swine non-human primates and injured patients

摘要

BackgroundPlasma levels of lactate and succinate are predictors of mortality in critically injured patients in military and civilian settings. In relative terms, these metabolic derangements have been recapitulated in rodent, swine and non-human primate models of severe hemorrhage. However, no direct absolute quantitative comparison has been evaluated across these species.