Effects of Exposure to Anti-Vaping Public Service Announcements Among Current Smokers and Dual Users of Cigarettes and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems

摘要

Introduction.Anti-vaping public service announcements (PSAs) are intended to discourage vaping or use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). However, vaping portrayals in PSAs may have unintended effects if they increase smoking or vaping urges. This study examined benefits and unintended effects of anti-vaping PSAs with vapor portrayals on smoking and vaping-related outcomes.