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Model-Based Analysis of Arsenic Immobilization via Iron Mineral Transformation under Advective Flows

机译:流动条件下基于模型的铁矿物质转化砷固定化分析

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摘要

Recent laboratory studies have demonstrated that co-injection of nitrate and Fe(II) (as ferrous sulfate) to As-bearing sediments can produce an Fe mineral assemblage containing magnetite capable of immobilizing advected As under a relatively wide range of aquifer conditions. This study combined laboratory findings with process-based numerical modeling approaches, to quantify the observed Fe mineral (trans)formation and concomitant As partitioning dynamics and to assess potential nitrate-Fe(II) remediation strategies for field implementation. The model development was guided by detailed solution and sediment data from our well-controlled column experiment. The modeling results demonstrated that the fate of As during the experiment was primarily driven by ferrihydrite formation and reductive transformation and that different site densities were identified for natural and neoformed ferrihydrite to explain the observations both before and after nitrate-Fe(II) injection. Our results also highlighted that when ferrihydrite was nearing depletion, As immobilization ultimately relied on the presence of magnetite. On the basis of the column model, field-scale predictive simulations were conducted to illustrate the feasibility of the nitrate-Fe(II) strategy for intercepting advected As from a plume. The predictive simulations, which suggested that long-term As immobilization was feasible, favored a scenario that maintains high dissolved Fe(II) concentration during injection periods and thereby converts ferrihydrite to magnetite.
机译:最近的实验室研究表明,向含As的沉积物中共同注入硝酸盐和Fe(II)(作为硫酸亚铁)可以产生含磁铁矿的Fe矿物组合,该磁铁矿能够在相对广泛的含水层条件下固定平移的As。这项研究将实验室的发现与基于过程的数值建模方法相结合,以量化观察到的铁矿物(转化)形成和伴随的As分配动力学,并评估用于现场实施的潜在硝酸盐-Fe(II)修复策略。该模型的开发是由我们控制良好的柱实验得到的详细溶液和沉积物数据指导的。建模结果表明,实验过程中As的命运主要受亚铁酸盐形成和还原转化的驱动,并且天然和新形成的亚铁酸盐的不同位点密度被确定,以解释硝酸盐-Fe(II)注射前后的观察结果。我们的研究结果还强调,当水铁矿接近耗尽时,砷的固定最终取决于磁铁矿的存在。在柱模型的基础上,进行了现场规模的预测模拟,以说明硝酸盐-铁(II)策略拦截从羽流中平流的砷的可行性。预测性模拟表明长期As固定是可行的,它支持在注入期间保持高溶解的Fe(II)浓度,从而将三水铁矿转化为磁铁矿的方案。

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