E- and Z- Di- and trisubstituted alkenyl nitriles through catalytic cross-metathesis

摘要

Nitriles are found in many bioactive compounds, and are among the most versatile functional groups in organic chemistry. Despite many notable recent advances, however, there are no approaches that may be used for preparation of di- or trisubstituted alkenyl nitriles. Related approaches which are broad in scope and can deliver the desired products in high stereoisomeric purity are especially scarce. Here, we describe the development of several efficient catalytic cross-metathesis strategies, which provide direct access to a considerable range of Z- or E-disubstituted cyano-substituted alkenes or their corresponding trisubstituted variants. Depending on the reaction type, a molybdenum-based monoaryloxide pyrrolide (MAP) or chloride (MAC) complex may be the optimal choice. The utility of the approach, enhanced by an easy-to-apply protocol for utilization of substrates bearing an alcohol or a carboxylic acid moiety, is highlighted in the context of applications to synthesis of biologically active compounds.