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Top-down pulses reduce prey population sizes and persistence

机译:自上而下的脉冲减少了猎物的数量和持久性

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摘要

Resource pulses are well documented and have important consequences for population dynamics relative to continuous inputs. However, pulses of top-down factors (e.g. predation) are less explored and appreciated in the ecological literature. Here, we use a simple differential equation population model to show how pulsed removals of individuals from a population alter population size relative to continuous dynamics. Pulsed removals result in lower equilibrium population sizes relative to continuous removals, and the differences are greatest at low population growth rates, high removal rates, and with large, infrequent pulses. Furthermore, the timing of the removal pulses (either stochastic or cyclic) affects population size. For example, cyclic removals are less likely than stochastic removals to result in population eradication, but when eradication occurs, the time until eradication is shorter for cyclic than with stochastic removals.
机译:资源脉动有据可查,并且相对于连续投入对人口动态具有重要影响。但是,在生态学文献中很少探索和欣赏自上而下的因素(例如掠食性)。在这里,我们使用一个简单的微分方程种群模型来显示从种群中脉冲移除个体相对于连续动态如何改变种群大小。相对于连续清除,脉冲清除导致较低的均衡种群数量,并且在种群增长率低,清除速率高且脉冲不频繁时差异最大。此外,去除脉冲的时序(随机的或周期性的)都会影响种群规模。例如,周期性清除比随机清除更不可能导致人口根除,但是当根除发生时,周期性清除的时间要比随机清除短。

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