BACKGROUND—Chronic bronchitis is an important public health problem worldwide. A study was undertaken to examine the association between exposure to air pollution from domestic biomass fuel combustion and chronic bronchitis in two rural Bolivian highland villages: a village in which cooking is done exclusively indoors and a village in which cooking is done primarily outdoors. Apart from this difference, the villages were virtually identical in terms of socioeconomic status, climate, altitude, access to health care, and other potential confounders. METHODS—Pollution exposure was assessed by combining information on concentrations of particulate matter of <10 µm diameter (PM10) in 12 randomly selected households in each village in all potential microenvironments of exposure with time allocation information. The prevalence of chronic bronchitis was assessed using the British Medical Research Council's questionnaire on individuals >20 years of age in both villages (n =241). RESULTS—Daily pollution exposure was significantly higher in the indoor cooking village (range for adults: 9840-15 120 µg-h/m3) than in the outdoor cooking village (range for adults:5520-6240 µg-h/m3) for both seasons and for men andwomen. The overall prevalence of chronic bronchitis was 22% and 13%for the indoor and outdoor cooking villages, respectively. Logisticregression analysis, which excluded the few smokers present in thepopulation, showed a 60% reduced risk of chronic bronchitis in theoutdoor cooking village compared with the indoor cooking village (OR0.4; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.8; p = 0.0102) after adjusting for age and sex.Individuals aged >40 years were 4.3 times more likely to have chronicbronchitis than the younger age group (OR = 4.3; 95% CI 2.0 to 9.3; p = 0.0002). There was no significant difference in the prevalence ofchronic bronchitis in men and women. CONCLUSIONS—Theresults of this study suggest an association between chronic bronchitisand exposure to domestic biomass fuel combustion, but further largescale studies from other areas of the developing world are needed toconfirm the association. Results from this and other studies willassist the development of culturally acceptable and feasiblealternatives to the high exposure cooking stoves currently being usedby most people worldwide.
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机译：背景技术—慢性支气管炎是全世界重要的公共卫生问题。进行了一项研究，以检查在两个玻利维亚高地乡村中，家庭生物质燃料燃烧产生的空气污染暴露与慢性支气管炎之间的关系：一个仅在室内烹饪的村庄和一个主要在户外烹饪的村庄。除了这种差异外，这些村庄在社会经济地位，气候，海拔，获得医疗保健以及其他潜在的混杂因素方面几乎是相同的。 方法—通过结合关于<在每个村庄的所有潜在微环境中，随机抽取12个家庭的直径为10 µm的直径（PM10），并附带时间分配信息。慢性支气管炎的患病率通过英国医学研究理事会的问卷调查，在两个村庄中均大于20岁（n = 241）。 结果-室内烹饪村庄的每日污染暴露显着更高（范围为成人：9840-15 120 µg-h / m 3 ）比户外烹饪村（成人范围：5520-6240 µg-h / m 3 ），适用于两个季节女人。慢性支气管炎的总患病率分别为22％和13％分别用于室内和室外烹饪村。后勤回归分析，其中排除了少数吸烟者人群的慢性支气管炎风险降低了60％室外烹饪村与室内烹饪村（或0.4; 95％CI 0.2至0.8; p = 0.0102）。年龄大于40岁的人患慢性病的可能性高4.3倍支气管炎比年龄较小的组（OR = 4.3； 95％CI 2.0至9.3； p = 0.0002）。患病率无明显差异男性和女性的慢性支气管炎。 结论—这项研究的结果表明慢性支气管炎之间存在关联和接触国内生物质燃料燃烧，但规模进一步扩大需要从发展中国家其他地区进行规模研究确认关联。这项研究和其他研究的结果将协助发展文化上可接受和可行的当前使用的高暴露度炊具的替代品被全世界大多数人所接受。
